I have done the following and it appears to do what i want
$document =& JFactory::getDocument();
$defaultmetadesc = $document->getMetaData('Description');
$defaultkeywords = $document->getMetaData('Keywords');
$defaulttitle = $this->item->title;
$itemcategory = $this->item->category->name ;
$shortenedintro = substr(strip_tags($this->item->introtext),1,100);
$newmetadesc = $shortenedintro. ',' .$defaultmetadesc ;
$document->setMetadata('Description', $newmetadesc);
foreach ($this->item->tags as $tag):
$doctags = $tag->name. ' ' .$doctags ;
endforeach;
$newmetakeywords = $doctags.$defaultkeywords ;
$document->setMetadata('Keywords', $newmetakeywords);
$newmetatitle = $itemcategory. ' - ' .$defaulttitle ;
$document->setMetadata('Title', $newmetatitle);